The tiger is a large cat belonging to the family Felidae, the subfamily Pantherinae, the genus Panthera, and five species of the tiger: the Bengal, Siberian, Sumatran, Indochinese, and South China tigers. The other four species of Panthera are the lion, leopard, jaguar, and snow leopard.

Some tiger specimens were described as subspecies based on the first description of the species by the Swedish naturalist Linnaeus in the 18th century, and in 1999 the validity of some of these subspecies was questioned.

Most of the putative subspecies described in the 19th and 20th centuries were distinguished based on fur length and colour, stripe pattern, and body size, and thus varied widely in character within populations. Morphologically, tigers differ little from region to region, and gene flow between populations in these regions is thought to have probably occurred in the Pleistocene.

Therefore, only the tiger subspecies from mainland Asia and the tiger subspecies from the Greater Sunda Islands are considered to be valid.

Tigers were once widely distributed over a vast expanse of land stretching from Siberia in the north to the Indonesian archipelago in the south. In summary, tigers have evolved over more than 2 million years, but they have never left Asia.

That is, the tiger has been an Asian species since ancient times.

Why? Because tigers are high at the top of the wildlife pyramid, big in size, big in food, and need trees, bushes, and rocks to hide their bodies when hunting animals, and then launch a surprise attack on the hunted animals in one fell swoop.

Some people take Africa as an example to explain that although there is a vast area, although the grassland is vast, although the wildlife is abundant, there is no dense mountain forest - neither tropical, subtropical rainforest, nor coniferous, broad-leaved and mixed coniferous forest in the north. Therefore, it is not suitable for tiger survival.

According to the survey, there were once 14 countries in the world with 9 subspecies of tigers in the wild. However, in the last century, three subspecies have become extinct. The extinct tigers are the Caspian tiger, Javan tiger, and Balinese tiger.

Bengal tiger: The Bengal tiger's fur colour varies from light yellow to light red with black stripes. The population is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal, mainly in alluvial grasslands, subtropical and tropical rainforests, scrub forests, wet and dry deciduous forests, and mangrove forests as habitats.

In 2014, the population of Bengal tigers in India was estimated to be 2226, 163253 in Nepal, and 103 in Bhutan.

The Caspian tiger has narrow, tight stripes. Its skull size is not significantly different from that of the Bengal tiger. Genetic analysis indicates a close relationship with the Siberian tiger.

It was recorded in the wild until the early 1970s when it was thought to be extinct in the late 20th century.

Malayan tigers, with males measuring about 2.6 m in total length and averaging 100-130 kg in weight, are the third smallest tiger in existence. They have a stripe pattern similar to the Indochinese tiger, with orange and black stripes all over, with narrower and finer spacing than other tiger species.

The Malayan tiger is found in the southern part of the island of Malay, Malaysia, and Thailand and was considered a population of Indochinese tigers until 2004.